Highlights
- Large-scale groundwater study covering 89,015 km² of a Mediterranean climate region
- Spatial aggregation in 4 hydrogeological units, 15 basins, using 4.4M observations
- Temperature-driven mineral dissolution and geology shape north–south water quality patterns
- Agriculture and forests strongly affect increases and drops in water quality, respectively
- Intensive irrigation in southern areas causes groundwater depletion and nitrate rise
Interactive tool (GROUNDWATER)
All data are sourced from the publicly available SNIRH database: https://snirh.apambiente.pt/
